Teledynamic orientation system



1; H. HAMMOND, m TELEDYNAMIC ORIENTATION SYSTEM. APPLICATION FILED MAR.29, I918. RENEWED AUG. 5, I921.v

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. .HI8 ATTORNEY:

1,420,629. v inane-eon filed March; 29, 1918, ser'ia no. 225,523. Reewed-august 5, 1921. Serial n 490,111.

JOHN nAYs nanm'oun,an.,- or GLOUCESTER, mAssAcnus'Errs.

' Y'rnnnnvnnmroonmnrnrrou svsrnm.

' To all wliom'it may concern:

a J Be it known that'I,.Jo1-1N HAYS HAMMoNn,

'fJr-f; la" citizen of the. United States, residing in Gloucester, inthe county of Essex and State of Massachusetts,have-invented oertain newand. useful Improvements in Teledynamic-Orientation Systems, of whichthe Some offltheo jects of this inventionare tolprovide? an improvedsystem for moving a body, selectively through apredetermined andvariable distance in response to radiant nthd orientation of a rotatablebody, such, for

-instance, as aircraft, marine vessel, or [other rotatable bodyselectively'through 'a Specification of Letters Patent.

PatentediJune 27', 1922'.

"ofthe piston rod 28 extends slidably through cylinder 35fis a piston 36which is 'rigidly secured to the rodj28 and is normally held I in acentral position in thekcylinder 35 two sp ral-springs 37 and 38arranged within the cylinder upon opposite sides respectively of thepis'ton.36.

v The piston 36 is arranged to be controlled energy ;'to provide; animprovedsy'stem for 'pneumatlcally through the action of a "valve 40which includes a stationary valvecasing V stein whichlhas rigidl securedthereto variable and predeterminedarc-in response two spaced pistons. 43:and .44 which are -ar-.v to radiant r ener y, and then" to steer saldbody automatic ly on a straight. course;- and to provide other.improvements'as will .appear hereinaften, i

' section of-a receivin system constructed'in to control a rudder ofa-marine' vessel or other movable-body; Fig. 2 .is a top plan and Figs.8 and'9- area longitudinal section and a transverse section respectivelyof a detail of-the'same.. I

' Referring to the drawings, and particularly to Figsi 1m 6, oneembodiment corn--- prises la receiving system for. radiant energy'which-is shown asarranged upon a-movable e a a an iairbrai t or, anyother suitable movable such for instance, as a marine vessel,

body 19, p'rovided with a propeller ar- 'ranged' to beactuated by anysuitable motor (not shown)- for. actuating the body, and

l with a" rudder under the control of the eceiving- S s e r S eeringthe; bodyi anydesired direction.

. The rudder 25 1s arran an upright axis fixed with; respect to themovable =bod or. vessel 11 on a pivot.- 26, and -for'-osci latingtherufder 25 a crank arm 27 is rigidly secured to the rudder'and' is-arrangedtobe' oscillated' a piston rod ranged slidably -'within the valve casing41. Thecentral-portion of. the valve casing 41 is. connected by a supplypipe 45 to a tank-46 the opposite ends of the rudder cylinderl',

the outlets. from the valve casing 41 into the accordancewith thislnvention and arranged two pipes 47 and 48 being arranged uponopcontaining compressed airwan'd the valve'cas" ing 41 is connected bytwo pipes 47 and 48 to, '1

positej sides respectively of the supply pipe V and:- belng normallyclosed by pistons 1 view of adetail of the' same'; Fi s-a and 4 43 and44 which are held in'suitablepo'sitions for this purpose by meansoftivooppositely disposed spiral springs 50 'and el which s n [round thevalve-stem 42 andjwhioh are-compressed respectively between theoutersur-l. faces of the opposite ends 'ofthe valve cas-' ing 41 andtwocollars 52 and 5 3 which are ri idly secured to, the valve-stem 42. Theva ve casing 41'isprovided at'itso'pposite ends" with two normally openexhaust ports or outlets 54 -and 55. 5 v

For moving thervalve-stem 42 in either- '95. rection selectivelyitocontrol the rudder 25,,

two stationary solenoids 1fi0fand61 are a-rranged coaxially with thevalve-stem in such gized the valve-stem will be drawnasa core I amannerthat when either-solenoid is enertowards that solenoid, and when thesolenoid i-is deenergized the valve-stem 42x'will be per'-- mitted toreturn' tov-its normal and centralposition, as shown inF-ig l under theaction 1 5 1 For.energizing the solenoids and'61 se'-" ged-to swingabout lectjively h normally vertical shaft is of the-springs 50 and51.

mounted :upon the boat-or movable body to :"7 8 irigidwitlrerewith "andthe other ends of rotate in an, elongated fixed bearing" 76 and isprovided at. its lower end with radial arms I 1 10 l 60 a stationarycylinder,-35, and within the "35 extend downwardly through but which are40 V I ingmeans so as to cause the arm 90 carry v gral withor rigidlysecured to acontinuous azimuth ring- 80 which is coaxial "Wliill theshaft 75 and which is arranged in a normally horizontal lane. Securedwithin this ring but insulated there-from and-from each other are twoapproximately semi-circular conducting plates 81 and 82 which areslightly spaced apart by diametrically opposed insulating segments 83and 84, and whichjare inner surfaces b a yielding contact or brusharranged to be 'slidably engaged over their,

85 carried by t e outer end of a normally horizontal arm 90 which isrigidly secured to and insulatedfrom a vertical spindle 91" which isarranged in longitudinal alinement with the vertical shaft 7 5, the arm90 being provided with a downwardly projecting hub 92 integral therewithand which surroundsthe spindle 91 and is insulated therefrom.

Slidably engaging this hub 92 is a brush 93 which is connected by aconductor 94 to one pole of a battery 95, the other pole of which is.connected by a conductor 96 and branch conductors 97- and 98 to theinner ends of the coils of the two solenoids 60 land 61. The outer endsof the coils of thetwo solenoids 60 and 61 are connected respectively byconductors 99 and 100 to two stationary brushes 101 and 102 respectivelywhich slidably engage respectively two conductin rings 103 and 104 whichare rigidly secure to but insulated from the shaft and which areelectrically connected respectively to the two semi-circular segmental.conductors 82.

and 81 by-two conductors 105 and 106, which insulated from the verticalshaft 75' (see Fig. 6).- The vertical spindle 91 is arranged ways in afixed direction.

rotation with respect to the boat, the

to be. held against rotation. in space by means of a gyroscope '110'orother stabiliz-f ing the yielding contact 85 to be pointed al- When theazimuth ring 80 is held against roscope 110 will act to cause the yieing contact 85 to make engagement with one or the other of thesemi-circularconductors 81 and 82 depending upon the direction in whichthe boat is moving, and by closing the circuit through the correspondingsolenoid or 61 will cause, the rudder 25 to be turned sponse to radiantenergy, a fiat, circular,-

horizontal disk l24 of insulating material loosely surrounds the shaft75 and is held in a fixed position coaxial with the shaft 75 in anysuitable manner, as for instance by a fixed bracket 125. Upon theopposite sides of this disk 124 are secured in any suitable 179. Theupper conducting arm-145 is provided with an annular conductingring 190but insulate the manner: two marginal series of insulated conductingsegments 126 to 140 and 126' to 140, the segments of one series beingarranged respectively vertically opposite corresponding segments of theother series. Rigidly secured to butinsulated from the vertical shaftare two conducting brush-arms 145 and 146 which extend in the samedirection from the f'shaft 75 and which are spaced re-- spectivelyabove'and below the two series of conducting segments 126 to 140 and126" to 140 respectively. These .conductin arms 145 carry at theirouterends respectively two brushes 147 and 148 which are in verticalalinement and which are arranged to engage slidably the two series ofconducting segments "126, tof140 and1'26 to 140' respectively. The twobrush arms move in unison and when one brush 147 is on any given upperse' ent 12 6;to 140,-.the other brush 148 will e on a'correspondinglower segment 126' to 140' in vertical alinement with the givenuppersegment.

The upper. series 126 to 140 of conducting segments are connectedrespectively by conductors 156 to --170 to successive points on aprimary variablecoil or inductance 175. The lower seriesof se entalconductors 126 to 140' are. con'necte by the corresponding series ofconductors 156. to 170' with successive points of a secondary variablecoil or inductance 175 which is'inductively coupled to theprimary coil175 and which forms with the primary coil 175 a transformer integraltherewith and coaxial with and. in-

sulated from the shaft7 5. Arranged tube. slida'bly engaged by thisconducting ring 190 is a brush 191." Thelower arm 146is pro vided uponits under. side with a conducting ring 196 inte ral therewith andcoaxial with from the shaft -75.' {A brush 197 is arranged to be-slidably engaged by this latter ring 196 and is connectedby'a'conductor 198 to one terminal of a detector of any suitableconstruction, for instance to the terminal of the filament 199" of agaseous de-' tector 200 which includes a grid '201 and a topterminal202, the filament199 being arranged to be heated'by a battery205 which is connected to the filament through a variable resistance206. "The grid 201 of the detector 200 'isconneclted by a conductor 210to the outer end of the secondary inductance A variable condenser 215 isconnected upon.

'one side by a conductor 216 to the conductor 198 leading from the lowerbrush 197, and is connected upon its other sideby a conductor- 217 tothe conductor 210 leading from the outer end of the secondary coil 175.The variable condenser 215 as thus connectedv forms part of a secondaryvariable closed oscillatory circuit 220'which includes the and avariable portionof. the secondary variable inductance 175, andwhich isar- IrangdwtO be tuned successively to various predetermined frequenciesdependingv uponthe position of the switch arm 146;

""'For rotating thevertical shaft 75 'm'ati'cally .either in onedirection or inan opposite direction, a gear 250 surrounds and issecured to the shaft 75 and is engaged by a=pinion251 which is arrangedto be continuouslyrotated either in one direction orj in anoppositedirection about a fixed axis by a stationary reversible electric motor255 which is arranged .to be energized'by abattery 260 to actalternately through two pairs of conductors 261 and. 262,1which leadrespectively .from four. brushes, 265, 266', '267 and 268 to themotor'255, the battery 260 being connected between the conductors of thepair 262. The brushes 265 268' are arranged to 'be slidabl y engaged bya commutator 270 which is. rigid with and arranged to be rotated upon afixed axis upon a'sh'aft 271." The commutator '270 isprovidedupon itsopposite sides respectively with two series of-conta cts 2 75, 276, 277,278 and 275, 276',

277 and 278'. "The alternate contacts 275,

277 and 27 6, 278 of one series of'contacts are connected by conductors279 and 280, while the-outer contacts 275-, 278 and the two innercontacts 276', 277 of the other series Zof contacts are-connectedbyconductors285 and 286,

'-The construction of the commutator 27 0,-is

, "such that when the commutator isin the-position shown in Flg closedthrough the battery 260 and motor 255 in such a manner as to rotate themotor 255,,in a"givendirection and so that when the commutator 270 hasbeen rotated through 1809'from' the position shown in Figfl 1 tothat'shown in Fig. 3 the circuits will be closed through the battery 260and the motor -255'-in such a manner as to rotate the motor 255 in anopposite direction.

' For rotating the commutator 270 step by step through an arc of 180ateach step, a.

gear 290 is 'loose'lysecured to one end'of the shaft 271 and is en agedby'a rack 295reciprocated in apre' etermined straight path as the resultof theenergization-and deen- .ergization of a solenoid-296. Rigi-dlysecured to the shaft 271 is a; ratchet 287., which 'is operated by aspring pressed ,pawl '288 v pivotally mounted on the gear 290' soas torotate-the commutator270 through 180 at each reciprocation of therack295- One end of the rack 295 forms a core for the selonoid 296 and therack 295 is normally pressed outwa rdly""from the solenoid 296 by aspiral f spring 297 which is arranged between thesolenoid 296 and a.collar' 298 which S111? rounds andis-fixed upon the'rack295.- Thesolenoid 296 is a'normally closed circuit received through the'secondarycoil 175- 'or a will again be closedand the rack 295 will be.

. 1' the circuit will. be

which 'is' arranged in a circuit 309 contain- -ing a battery 310 andarranged to be controlled-by the detector 200; a

The arrangement is such that when the detector' 200 is'not vbeing acted'upon by energy r part thereof, the circuit through the solenoid 296will be closed andthe rack295 will be held in-itsinnermostposition withrespect to the solenoid 296 against the action of the spring 297 ,v andwhen animpul'se of energy .is received by the detector .200, theelectromagnet -308 wil1'b'e energized-and will-open thecircuit-through'the solenoid 296 thus deenergizing the solenoid 2.96 andpermitting the rack295 to "be ushed outwardly -fror'nthesolenoid 296 byt e spring 297 which will not rotate the commutator 2 7 0. When theelectromagnet 308-. is deenergized the circuit; through the'battery 306and solenoid 296 3 moved into, its innermost position with respectto'thesolenoid 296 to give the commutator 270 a" rotation through 180 and thusreverse the direction of movement of the motor 255.. -v v F or receivingradiant energy. from a distant station,'.the receiving system isprovided with an open aerial circuit 311 including an antenna 312; whichisgrounded through a primary coil. or inductance 313 as at 314. Thisopen circuit 311 istuned to. the high frequency of'the waves which'it isdesigned tore'c'eiv'e; The primary coil 313 is induc tivelyjconnected;to a secondary coil 315 which is in a -clo'sed oscillatory circuit 316.

which includes a variable condenser 317- and which is tuned to the samefrequencyasthe open circuit 311. This closed oscillatory circuit 316 isarranged to control any suitablei detector, as for instancean evacuateddetector 318 comprising an evacuatedf-con-f. tainer 319 in which is-arranged a filament .320 and a' plate terminal 321.- One endofthefilament 320 is connectedfbya conductor .7 322.to the hereinbeforedescribed brush 191, 11 5. 1

and the plate terminal'321is' connected by. a

conductor 323 through a battery'323'. to the outer end of the primaryc'o'il 175.. A .variable condenser :32; is connecte'd upon its oppositesides to --thet'wo conductors322 and i f 323 and as thus arranged forms'part of a primary variable closed oscillatory" circuit 2 I 324', whichcontains. the upper.'-brush 191,-. the upper switch arm and a variableportion of the, primary variable coil 175, ;a which isarranged totbe-timed' successively. to various predetermined frequencies" def;pending uponthe position of-rotatiqn oji the; switch. arms 145". and 116, the freqnency 'to. I

which the primary variable closed."oscilla fl l3o-' d as:

provedtransmission system constructed intory circuit 324 is tuned forany given'position of the switch arms 145 and"146 being always equal tothe frequency to which'the secondary variable closedoscillatory circuit220 is tuned for the same position of the switch arms 145 and 146.

In Figs. 7 to 9 inclusive is shown an imaccordance with this inventionand particularly adapted to be used in controlling the hereinbeforedescribed receiving system This shown in Figs. 1 to 6-inclusive. provedtransmitting. system comprises an open aerial circuit including anantenna 325 which has 'in series therewith a coil 326, and which isgrounded in any suitable manner as at 327. This open aerial circuit 325,326, 327

' is tuned to the sameifrequency as the open ingonebrush341 connectedthrough a chokeaerial circuit 311 of the receiving system shown inFig. 1. The coil 326 forms'th'e secondary ofa transformer330 having'aprimary coil 331 whichis arranged in a closed oscillatory circuitincluding a spark-gap device 332 and a variable condenser 335, and whichis tuned to cause a maximum oscillation of the open circuit 325, 326,327. This "oscillatory circuit; 331, 332 and 335 is arrangedto receiveenergy from any suitable source of direct'current, as for instance froma 500 volt D. C.'electric generator 340 havcoil'342 and a conductor 343to one side of the variable condenser 335 and having its other brush 344connected througha chokecoil 345 and a conductor 346 to th other side ofthe variable condenser 335.-

F or producing periodic amplitude variations, variable in apredetermined manner in spo - is arranged tobeelectrically connected atall frequency, in the high frequency radiant oscillations emitted bytheopen aerial cir-';

cuit 325, 326, the two conductors 343 and 346 are connected by a tonecircuit including a variable condenser 350 and an inductance 35].. Thevariable condenser 350 may be. of

any suitable construction, but preferably 'includesa. stationarycasing-355 made of insulating material having 'arranged'therein' astationary, substantially semi-circular conducting plate 357 which iselectrically connected to-the inner end pf the inductance 351, a ndhaving an'approximately semi circula-r conducting plate .358 which isrigid with but insulated from a rotatable shaft. 359 coaxial'with thestationary plate 357 and with the casing 355'. This movable plate 358times in any suitable manner by a conductor motion by means of-& gear361 rigid with the 360 to the hereinbefore described conductor 343. Thes'haft359 is arranged to be rotated into any desired position ineitherdiouter end of the shaft 359 and which is .'a rranged to cooperate witha suitable gear 362 rigidly secured to a shaft 363 supported in abearlng 363. The shaft 363 has rigidly secured theretof a pointer 364which is arranged to cooperate with suitable equispaced graduations 365upon .a stationary dial 366.1." The ,g'raduations' 365 upon the dial 366are equal in number to the number of segmental conductors 126-140 upon jone side of the insulating-disk 124 of the rec'eiving system (see Figs.1 and 2), and the v'ariable'condenser 350 is .so arranged; that when thegenerator 340, is in operation and, the pointer 364 is as shown upon'agiven one of the graduations 365 it'will cause :the

open aerial circuit 325, 3 26, 327 to transmit 'electroradiant waveshaving the same high wave frequency as the high frequency to which theopen aerial ..transmissio n and receiving circuits are tuned, and havingimpressed thereon periodic-amplitude variations having a frequencydetermined by .the position of the pointer 364 and equal to thefrequency to which the primary and secondary variable closed oscillatorycircuits 324 and 220 af the receivingv system shown in Fig. 1 are tunedwhen the two switch arms 145 and 146 are positioned as shown sothat thebrushes 147 148 carried thereby will be moved'in a counter clockwisedirection step by step'from one segmentto the next seginent at eachstep, then the frequencyof the periodic amplitude variations; of theemitted waves would be changed step-by step and the tuning of thereceivmgcircuit .324 and 220 would be correspondingly changed step bystep so as to cause'these' circuits to be always tuned to the samefrequency as and to be 4 responsive to the periodic amplitude variations of the waves received from the transmitting system.

In the operation of this improved system,

the gyroscope is so adjusted that when the arms 145 and 146 'arepositioned centrally, as shown in Figs. 1 'and'2, the brush 85 carriedby the arm 90 controlled by the gyroscope 110 will rest upon theinsulation M 83 between adjacent ends of the two semicircular segmentalconductors 81 and 82 and the rudder 25 of the vessel will be held in acentral position by the sprin cause the boat to be steere in a straightline extending in the direction-of thelongitudmal axis of the vessel..The'pointer 364 of the transmission system is thenset verti cally asshown in 7. The motor 255 of 37 and 38 to 1 25 9 transmissioncircu1t'325, 326, 327' of'the 220 and now tuned.

directional current impulses to flow through tlOIlS havlng a pre thereceivin-gjsystem is then permitted to operate continuously while thegenerator 340 ,of the transmission system is being operatedcontinuously, When the'pointer 364 is thus set in a central position'theopen aerial transmission system willxbe' caused to transmitelectroradiant oscillations having a, predetermined high frequency thesame as the high frequency to which the open aerial receiving circuit311 is tuned and having impressed thereon eriodic amplitudevariadetermined frequency the same as the frequency to which 'the twoclosed oscillatory receiving circuits 324 and the circuit comprising the.conductor 323,

. a battery 323, part of,coil 17 5, conductor 160,

switch 145,- brush 191, conductor 322fanddetector 318; These pulsationsin the coil 175 will cause corresponding oscillations to be set up-inthe closed circuit 324' which will act inductively through the coil175'to set up corresponding oscillations in theclosed circuit 220 which.will act throughthe detector'200 to energize theelectromagnet 308, thuso-penin the circuit through the battery-306 and eenergizing thesolenoid296 and thus: permitting the rack 295 to be moved outwardly from thesolenoid.- 296 by the action of thespring 297 without a v y I ried' bythe azimuth ring 80 under the, con? affecting the commutator 270.

Meanwhile, under the action of the motor 255 thetwo arms l'and 146willbe rotated either in one direction or in the opposite dis rectionuntil the brushes 147. and- 148 carried thereby are moved off of thecentral segments 130 and 130and'- consequently the receiving circuitsthroughthecentral segments 130 and 130' will be broken and the receiv-fing circuits will be completed say through the next pair of segments129and 129'. When this occurs,:the receivingvcircuits 324 and .220 will[be I thrown out of tune with" v the period amplitude variations of theelectroradiant oscillations which are being-trans-Q en: n consequently"the detector 200' -W1ll' cease to respond and the electromagnet- 308will-be deenergized thus permitting mitted fr'onr the transmission theswitch 307 to close'the circuitthrou h the battery 306 fandthe solenoid29'6 to1 raw the rack 295 towards the solenoid 296, thus rotating thecommutator 270 through half a revolution a direction, as viewed in Fig.4, to reverse. the motor 255- and thus-to re turn-the arms 145 and 146into engagement with the segments 130 and 130- respectively to again,render the receiving circuits 324" and 220 responsive to the energyreceived andv therefore to again operate the detector 200 to-open thecircuitthrough the solenoid 296and'conseque'ntly to permit {he rack 295to "be moved outwardly with respect to the turning the connnutator 170.

The-motor 255 after thus having been reversed continues to rotate in thesame directionuntil the brushes 147 and 148 have been rotated intoengagement withthe next succeeding segments 1314 and 131 respec-.

tively, whereupon the detector '200 will be v'deenergized, consequentlypermitting the switch 307 to be closed by its spring, thus "lenoid 296by the spring 297butwithout I energizing the solenoid 296 andconsequently movingthe rack 295 towards the left to turn the commutator270 through 180 degrees to reverse the motor 255 and'oonseque'ntly tomove the brushes 147 and 148 back into 'eneas ment with the segments'130 and 130' T respectively-i whereupon h -cycle of opera-1 tions willbe-repeabed periodically quick succession so asto'cause the arms 145 and.146 to be oscillated repeatedly in quick suc' cession through a smallarc across the two" 'so ents 130 and1130; 7 he shaft"? 5 and the azimuthring carried thereby will thus be caused to vibrate rapidly through avery small arc and thus be held approximately in a 'ven' position withres to the boat andt caused to be directed accordingly upon" a e boatwill be a substantially straight line in a corresponding direction andin awell lmown manner as a result of thecooperative action of the trolof the gyroscope and "arranged; to;

brush 85 upon the segments 81 and 82 car{ 2- I control the solenoids60fand'61 and conse vessel ,eithertoj'the; rightpr to the leftj quentlythe rudder 25 in a wel1.'known z annr.

through one 'or-f'mo're' degrees, theindicator I,

364 (see-Fig 6 'of.the transmission system number. of degrees. f This'willy 'cha'nge the frequency of the periodicamplitude varia- If, at thetime this change inthe position of the indicator 7. 364 is made, theswitcharms movement of. the switch armsfwill be -re reversed direction'until -jth ey come into .'-a

position of rotation ofthe "indicator '364. If, however, at the timethis change in. the

positionof the indicator 364 .is made, the arms 145 and. 146 are not inengagement should :be rotated in a suitable-direction '..from its"central position through the desired 15 "tionsof thetransmittedwavesaccordingly; v Y

.120 are moving in eithe'rgdirection over the central segments 130,1301', -the 'directiongofflversedgand the arms 'w-ijll then move in theY position of: rotation corresponding to the I with "the centralsegments 130. and 130', but are moving in either direction across someother segments, the arms will continue to rotate .in the same directionuntil they come into the position of rotation cor-responding to thepositionof rotation of the indicator 364. When the arms 145 and- 146have reached this position of rotation the closed oscillatory receivingcircuits 324'yand 220 will be completed in such a manner as to berendered responsive to the changed fre shown in Fig."7 to cause the boatto be sionsystemshould be moved-to about 45 tuned if the arms 145 and146 were moved steered'in a straight line as 1 hereinbefore described,if it should be desired to swing the boat for instance through about 45to the right,'t he indicator 364 of the transmistowards the right on ina clockwise direction, and this would cause the transmission system .to'transmit. electroradiant oscillations having impressed thereon periodicam-' plitude variations having aqfrequency cor-- responding to thefrequency to which the receiving circuits 324'- and 220 would be towardtheleft' or. in a counter-clockwise direction from a central positionthrough about 45 so as .to makecontact for instance with thecorresponding segments 128 and 128'. -'As the motor 255 is constantlyrotating in one direction or in an opposite direction, the arms 145 and146 would be mov: ing either in one direction or in the oppositedirection when this change in the frequency ofthe periodic: amplitudevariations of the transmitted waves might happen to be effected If atthe time of this change the arms-145 and 146 should happen-to be uponthe segments 130'and 130' and moving in a clockwise direction, then as aresult of the change in-the frequency oi the received.

waves the arms 1'45 and 146 would be reversed in movement and would bemoved in .a counter-clockwise direction, as hereinbefore described,until they came into engagement with the segments 128 and 128', whenthey would be oscillated across these segments as hereinbeforedescribed.If at the time of this change in the frequencyof the f periodicamplitude variations of the received waves the arms 145 and 146should'happen to be moving in a-counter-clockwise direction, the arms145 and'146 would be immediatelyreversed and would then continue to moverapidly in r a clockwise direction through about 315 until they' came.into engagement with the segments 12 8 and 128'. If at the time ofmaking this change in therfrequency of the periodic amplitude variationsof the received waves the arms 145 and 146 should not happen to bemoving in either direction over'the central segments 130,130 but shouldhappen to be moving over another pair of segments (except the segments 128, 128') then the. arms 145 and 146 would continue to move in the same.di-

rection until they came into engagement with the, segments 128,128.-

In any case when the arms ergy to operate periodically the detector 200'to reverse ,the motor 255 periodicallyias hereinbefore described tocause the arms 145 and 146 to vi-bratethrough a small arc across thesegments 128, 128" and-thus be held approximately in a given-positionmakingan angle of about 45 with their central posi- 145- and 146reached'the segments 128, 128, the receiving circuits would respond tothe'received 'en-,

tion,'and causing the rudder 25 to berotated V through the limit of itsmovement, as ,hereinbefore described, to divert the boat -accordinglyuntil the boat has been rotated towards the right about 45 fromits'original course, whereupon the rudder would be controlledautomatically by the gyrosco e 110 as hereinbefore described, ,to causet e boat to. continue upon a substantially straight course making anangle of substantially 45 with its original course.

Although only a single torm is shown v which the invention may beembodied, it is to be understood that this invention is not limited toany speclfic construction but might be embodied in various forms withoutdeparting from the spirit of the invention or the scope'of the appendedclaims. H

Having thus fully described my invention,

I claim:

1. The'combi'nation with means for .trans- 1 mitting radiant impulses,includingcontrolling means movable through a variable pathandjop'erative to vary the frequency of said impulses from time to timeinproportion to the space through which ,said controlling means ismoved, of receiving means includmg means arranged to be movedthrough avariable path in response to sa d lmpulses as the result of andinproportion'to the movement of saidcontrolli'ng means.

2. The combination with means for trans mitting radiant impulses,including control linglmeans arranged to rotate through a variable areand operative to. vary the freproportion to the space through which saidcontrolling means is moved, of receiving means including means arrangedto be moved through a variable path in response to said impulses'as theresult ef-and in proportion to the rotation of said controllin'gjme ans.1

quency of said lmpulses from time to time in II 3. The onibination withme ns is.- transmittiiig radiant impulses, includingcontrolingjmeansarranged.. .to swing through -'a Yfilifiblearcandoperative to vary the'ifre- 'uency of saidfi'mpulses from time to time n:proportion' togthe' space through which said; controllingmeans -isvmoved, l of receiving 3 means including, means arranged to *swingthrOugha-variable are in response "said.controlling means.' Y

' impulses, of. a movable body, and receiving I I I and. in proportionto-the movement of'said 1 control li ng means. mitti ngelectro-radiantimpulses, including controlling. element. 25 V to said impulses and asthe result of'and in proportion to the. swinging movement of 4. Thecombination wmhmeans for trans-f fmitting radiantimpulse's, including acon-'-- means carried therebyandarranged to movesaid body .through avariable path in respon'setov said impulses as the result of 6. Thecombination with means for trans- ]controlling means'movable-through. avariablepath tovary the frequencyof said impulsesfofaa movable body,and'mean's car- .40

ried said body and arranged to inove said Eb'Od'yeither in ons-directionor in a con-' trastic-fdirection in response to radiant en-Y i ergy and'asthe result of and in proportion -''to the movement of saidcontrolling means.

7. The combination with means fortrans I mitting radiant impulses,including controlling means movable througha variable path andoperativeto vary thefrequency ofsaid impulses-from time to time in proportion to.the space through. which said controlling means is" moved, of a movablebody, and

- receiving mean's carried ,by said and 4 arranged .to move said bodythrough a variable path in response to saldimpulses as the result of andin proportion tothe movement of said controlling -means,

8.- The combination with means for transmitting radiant impulses,includingcontrohling means movable through a variable path,

and'operativeto vary the frequency ofsai'd I impulses from time to timein proportion to 7 I rmeans is moved, of a movable body, and rethe spacethroiigh which .said controlling I ceiving'means carried by 'said bodyand arranged to swing said bo'dythrougha variable path responsetolsaidimpulses as the result of and in proportion to'the movement ofsaid controlling means. i

' QLTh e combination-withmeans for trans mitting 'radiantimpulses';including an aerial circuit arranged to emitelectrofradiantimpulses,'and controlling I'neans therefor ar-.,ranged"to swingthrough "a' variable arc, of a movable body, and'receivin'g mean's car-- 'rie d by said body and arranged .fto'swing.lsaid body through a variable are in response to radiant energy and asthe result of and in proportion to the are of movement of saidcontrolling means.

10. The combination, with means for transmitting" radiant. impulses,including an aerial circuit arranged to emit electro-radiant impulses,and controlling means therefor "arranged to swing through-a variableare,

of -a movable body,'and receiving means car- .ried' by said body and:arranged to swing 1 saidhody through'avariable arc in a'given plane inresponset'o radiant nergy and as v theresult ofand in proportin-to thearc of;movement of said controlling means. 11. The combination withmeans for transmitting electro radiant .ene'rgy, -in-'. I eluding an'element" arranged to swing:

about a given axissthrou'gh a variable are,

of a movable body, steering'imeans {carried by. said body, stabilizingmeans carried by said body, and receiving means carriedbysaid body andarranged-to cooperate with said stee'rin me anstand said stabilizing.means to swing saidbody through, a varia ble arc'in response radiantenergy and as the result of and inpropoi'tiontoqthe arcofmovemento-fsaid controlling means.

' 512.1The combination with means ,for

. transmitting electro-radiant energy, in-

eluding .an element arranged to swing about a given axis"thr ough avariable, are,

of a movable body,.- steering means carried by said body, stabilizingmeans carried. by said body, and receivin means carried by s'aidhody andarrange to'cooperate' with said s i means and. saidstabilizing means toswing said body through a 'vari'able' are in response to radiant energyand as the result of and in proportion to the arc of'mo'vement' of-saidcontrolling means,

said stabilizing means.- being operative to cause said body to-beste'ered in a direction determined by theangle of rotation of saidontrolling means.

11 3."The combination with means for I transmitting ,electro-radiant I Ienergy, ineluding an element arranged to swing about -a g'iven axisthrough a variable are,

ofamov'able body, steering means'carried said-body, stabilizing'meansincluding a-gyroscope carried; by said body, and receiving means carriedbyv said body and I 'arranged to cooperate 'with said steering means andsaid stabilizing means to swing said element.

14. The combination with means for transmitting electro-radiant energy,in-

cluding an element arranged ,to swing abouta given axis throu ha'variable arc,

of a movable body, steering means-carried by said body, stabilizingmeans including a gyroscope carried by-said' body, and receiving-me'anscarried by said body and ar- Jranged to cooperate withsaid steeringmeans and saidv stabilizing means to swing said body through a variableare in response to radiant energy and as the resultv of and inproportion to the arc of move ment of said controlling means, saidstabilizing means being operative to cause said bodytovbe steered in ,adirection determined by the 7 angle of rotation of said element.

1-5. The combination with means for:

transmitting radiant impulses, including controllin means movablethrougha variable: pat to vary, the frequency of. said impulses from time totime in proportion to'the space throu h which said controlling means ismoved 0 the energy transmitted,"

of receiving means including means arranged to be moved through" avariable path in response to radiant energy and as the result of and inproportion to the movement of said controlling means.

16. The combination with means for transmitting radiant oscillations, ofmeans for impressing upon said oscillations periodic variations having avariable frequency and including controlling means movable through avariable path to vary said frequency, and receiving means responsive tosaid oscillations and including means are transmitting radiantoscillations, of means for impressing thereon periodic amplitude rangedto be moved through a variable path in responseto'radiant energy and asthe result of and in proportion to the movement of said controllingmeans.

17. The" combination with means for transmitting radiant oscillations,of means for impressing upon said oscillations periodic amplitudevariations having a vari able frequency and including controlling meansmovable through a variable path to vary said frequency, and receivingmeans responsive to said oscillations and including means arranged to bemoved through a variable path in response to radiant energy and as the"result of and in proportion to .the movement of said controlling means.

18. The' combination with means for transmitting. radiant oscillations,-of means for impressing upon said oscillations periodic variationshaving a variable frequency, including controlling means arranged toable a rc asaresult of and in proportion to a swing through a variableare to varysaid frequency, and recelvingmeans responsive to saldoscillations and including means arranged tobe swung through a variableare as a result of and in proportion to the move-' odic amplitudevariations having a variable 1 frequency, including controlling means arranged to swing though a-varlable arc to vary said frequency, andreceiving means means arranged to be swung through a varithe-movement ofsaid controlling means.

20. The combination with means for 'responsive-to said oscillations andincluding 7 transmitting radiant oscillations, of means for impressingthereon periodic variations having a variable frequency, and receivingmeans-responsive to said oscillations and in- ,cluding means movablethrough a vanable path determined by the frequency of said variations.

, 21. The transmitting radiant oscillations, vof means for impressingthereon periodic amplitude 'variations'havlng a variable frequency,andreceivi tions an including means movable through means responsive tosaid oscillaa variable path determined by the frequency of saidvariations.

combination with means for? 22. The combination with means fortransmitting radiant oscillations, of means for impressing thereonperiodic variations having a variable frequency, and receiving meansresponsive to said oscillations and including means arranged'to be swungthrough a variable are determined by the frequency of said variations. t

23; The combination with means for variations having a variablefrequency, and rece ving means respons ve to said oscilla- I cluding acircuit tuned to a given frequency, .and means controlled by thereceived impulses and arranged to be automatically varied in response tovariations in the frequency of the received impulses for varyingthetuning of said circuits to make the tuning of said circuit correspond tothe frequency of said impulses. H

1 Signed at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York,this 23rd dayof March, A. 1918. JOHN HAYS HAMMOND, JR.

